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On remaining aspects of 6GR evaluations
The document presents Nokia's positions on remaining evaluation assumptions for 6GR, covering four traffic models (extended FTP3, bi-directional traffic, eXR haptics, IoT) and several evaluation parameters (UE antenna, CPE/FWA, power levels, noise figure). It contains 2…
Nokia proposes a simplified extended FTP3 traffic model limited to two file sizes (X=2, Y=X=2) with arrival rates linked by a parameter K (λ₁=K·λ₂) targeting specific RB utilization load levels, and explicitly opposes embedding L1/L2…
On remaining aspects of channel coding in 6GR
This document presents Nokia's views on 6G channel coding, containing 6 proposals and 2 observations. It addresses LDPC extensions for data rates beyond NR range, polar code enhancements for control channels, and the retention of 5G block codes for small block lengths in 6G.
Nokia proposes defining the boundary between NR-range and beyond-NR-range data rates using the maximum TBS supported in 5G NR Rel-15 per carrier. For LDPC extensions beyond NR range, Nokia requires any new base graph to preserve the…
On remaining aspects of modulation in 6GR
Nokia provides 11 proposals and 5 observations on 6G modulation, establishing baseline uniform QAM schemes from 5G NR (with UL 1024QAM added) and addressing enhancements like geometric/probabilistic constellation shaping, higher-order QAM, and MCS table optimization.
Nokia proposes adopting 5G NR uniform QAM schemes as baseline 6G modulation and adding uniform 1024QAM in UL. They oppose uniform 4096QAM in DL due to R-ML MIMO detection complexity and EVM requirements. For geometric constellation…
On remaining aspects of EE evaluations
This Nokia contribution presents 22 proposals and 8 observations on 6G Energy Efficiency for the FS_6G_Radio work item, covering base station and UE power consumption models, UE power saving methods, and idle mode evaluations.
Nokia proposes adopting the 5G BS power consumption model (TR38.864 Category 2) as the 6G baseline while defining a new 'Category 2-plus' category with 10-20% relative power improvements across sleep and active states, plus faster…
Overall aspects of the 6GR multi-antenna system
This Tdoc from Nokia presents 24 proposals and 12 observations on 6GR physical layer design aspects including SCS selection, CP length, 400MHz UE bandwidth support, frame structure, duplexing, spectrum aggregation, and coverage, with a focus on system simplification and unified…
Nokia proposes ruling out 60 kHz SCS from the Around 15 GHz scenario and postponing final SCS selection between 30 kHz and 120 kHz until end of 2026. They require supporting only normal CP length for TN communication, and for NTN only…
On synchronization acquisition and beam measurement
This Nokia Tdoc for the 6GR study item presents 28 proposals and 36 observations covering the design of synchronization signals, broadcast channels, mobility measurements, and AI/ML in initial access. The document's technical focus spans synchronization raster definition,…
Nokia proposes studying ZC sequence-based designs for PSS to exploit robustness against frequency offset, contrasting with NR's m-sequence approach and noting ZC sequences require fewer frequency hypotheses for reliable correlation peak…
On PRACH and RACH procedure
Nokia's Tdoc R1-2600033 presents 21 proposals and 9 observations on 6G PRACH and RACH procedure design. The document addresses sequence selection, capacity enhancement, preamble formats for new frequency ranges, configuration scenarios (MRSS, NTN, SBFD), RACH procedure…
Nokia proposes Zadoff-Chu sequences for 6G PRACH preamble due to CAZAC property and frequency offset robustness, and refrains from sequences lacking good cross-correlation under timing errors. They propose 4-step RACH as the sole baseline…
On aspects of bandwidth operation in 6GR
This 3GPP contribution from Nokia discusses bandwidth operation in 6GR, presenting 13 proposals and 7 observations aimed at redesigning the BWP framework to address 5G NR shortcomings. Key themes include simplification, robustness, decoupling UL/DL in TDD, and enabling wider…
Nokia proposes a lean 6GR BWP configuration framework that reduces the number of BWP types and eliminates redundant functionality options, making as many parameters cell-specific rather than BWP-specific. They require removing the existing…
On downlink transmission schemes for downlink control channels in 6GR
This document contains 7 observations and 16 proposals on downlink control channel design for 6G Radio (6GR). Nokia's overall position is that the 5G NR PDCCH structure (CORESET, CCE, REG, blind decoding, search spaces, aggregation levels, QPSK with DM-RS) is sufficiently…
Nokia proposes retaining the baseline 5G NR PDCCH structure—including CORESET, CCE, REG, blind decoding, search spaces, aggregation levels, and QPSK modulation with transparent DM-RS-based precoding—for 6GR, arguing this flexibility is…
On transmission schemes for uplink channels in 6GR
This document from Nokia contains 23 Observations and 31 Proposals addressing uplink transmission schemes for 6GR, covering PUCCH simplification, PUSCH MIMO layer imbalance mitigation, DMRS design for up to 48 antenna ports, enhanced multi-slot resource allocation, and AI/ML…
Nokia proposes simplifying 6GR UCI arbitration by limiting CSI reporting to PUSCH only and adopting slot-level one-shot multiplexing/prioritization to eliminate the iterative symbol-level procedures of NR. They argue NR's five PUCCH…
On beam management for downlink and uplink in 6GR
Nokia presents 17 proposals and 15 observations on 6G beam management, advocating for a unified TCI framework as the baseline while addressing 5G NR limitations. The document covers beam indication, reporting, failure recovery, inter-cell operation, QCL simplification, and AI/ML…
Nokia proposes that the NR Release-17 unified TCI framework principles serve as the baseline for 6G beam management, while studying enhancements to address identified limitations including the limited number of indicated TCI states,…
On downlink-based CSI acquisition in 6GR
This Nokia Tdoc (R1-2600039) presents 34 proposals and 23 observations on DL-based CSI acquisition for 6GR. It covers CSI-RS design for large arrays (>128 ports), energy savings, AI/ML-based CSI compression and prediction, unified codebook design, and reporting mechanism…
Nokia proposes establishing 5G Rel-20 CSI-RS design up to 128 APs as the baseline for 6GR CSI acquisition and strives for reusing existing 5G CSI-RS design principles for new 6GR antenna array configurations, including studying new…
On uplink-based CSI acquisition in 6GR
Nokia's R1-2600040 presents 30 proposals and 14 observations on uplink-based CSI acquisition for 6G, covering SRS design evolution, UL/DL CSI acquisition, and AI/ML for overhead reduction. The document argues for reusing the 5G NR SRS framework as a baseline while studying…
Nokia proposes reusing the existing 5G NR UL SRS design framework, basic resource definition, and Zadoff-Chu sequences as the baseline for 6G, with SRS support up to 8 antenna ports for UEs. For Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) devices, Nokia…
Other aspects of 6GR physical layer operation
This Nokia contribution discusses tracking reference signal (TRS) design for 6G Radio, presenting 3 Observations and 3 Proposals across sections 2 and 3. The document questions the need for a dedicated 6GR TRS, critiques overhead and channel characteristic mismatch issues with…
Nokia questions the necessity of introducing a 6GR-specific TRS before use cases and corresponding requirements are clearly identified. They present a technical case against periodic TRS inherited from 5G, arguing that periodic TRS…
On downlink control channel, scheduling for downlink and uplink transmission
Nokia presents 10 proposals and 8 observations on 6G downlink control channel design, covering DCI formats, DCI size alignment, DCI content flexibility, and downlink control reliability. The document argues for simplification of DCI format types compared to NR, configurable DCI…
Nokia proposes reducing the number of DCI format types for 6G compared to NR by eliminating compact DCI formats 0_2/1_2 and instead making the baseline non-fallback DCI formats 0_1/1_1 more configurable through flexible DCI field sizes…
Views on HARQ related aspects in 6GR
Nokia's contribution on 6G (6GR) HARQ aspects proposes retaining NR's asynchronous adaptive HARQ for UL/DL, and introduces 6 study proposals and 7 observations focused on decoupling UL/DL scheduling coordination for CA and improving missed DL assignment handling via PDCCH…
Nokia proposes that 6GR shall retain NR's asynchronous adaptive HARQ operation for UL-SCH and DL-SCH. They present a technical case against NR's tight coordination between UL and DL schedulers in HARQ-ACK reporting, observing that DAI…
On other physical layer signals, channels and procedures in 6GR
This document from Nokia presents 12 proposals and 2 observations across three main technical areas in 6G Radio: Cross-link interference (CLI) handling, Remote Interference Management (RIM), and Cell DTX/DRX for energy efficiency. The proposals aim to establish frameworks for…
Nokia proposes prioritizing layer-1 over layer-3 UE-to-UE CLI measurements for 6GR due to higher configuration flexibility and faster interference tracking. They require re-using SRS-RSRP and CLI-RSSI as baseline reporting quantities while…
On the design of WUS with OFDM based sequence
This Nokia contribution discusses 6G WUS (Wake-Up Signal) design aspects, focusing on OFDM-based sequences, energy-efficient processing assumptions, and information mapping schemes. It contains 7 proposals and 14 observations covering CFO assumptions, RX chain configurations,…
Nokia proposes assuming a more stringent residual CFO of 1 ppm for the EE processing state, arguing that SSB-based calibration during active states can maintain this accuracy from initial cell search. They require the minimum number of RX…
On WUS operation in different RRC states
This Nokia contribution (18 observations/proposals) discusses WUS operation in RRC states for 6GR power savings. It proposes study assumptions and evaluations for duty-cycled WUS in IDLE/Inactive mode for paging and connected mode for PDCCH monitoring, while also exploring…
Nokia proposes assuming duty-cycled 6GR WUS monitoring with predefined time occasions rather than continuous monitoring, arguing this is necessary to attain UE power benefit given the agreed power model. They propose that WUS monitoring…
On Uplink WUS and corresponding operation
This Nokia contribution presents 3 Observations and 2 Proposals regarding 6G uplink Wake-Up Signal (WUS) design. Nokia argues that PRACH/RACH procedure study (A.I. 10.5.1.2) should be prioritized before UL WUS (A.I. 10.6.2), as current understanding is insufficient to…
Nokia proposes postponing the UL WUS and operation study on A.I. 10.6.2 to avoid duplication with the foundational PRACH and RACH procedure study on A.I. 10.5.1.2. They present a technical case that the current stage lacks clarity on what…
On NTN specific requirements and design for GNSS based operation in 6GR
Nokia's contribution proposes 11 specific items and 2 observations for 6G Radio NTN design, emphasizing a harmonized TN/NTN framework with GNSS-dependent operation, limited NTN-specific features, and studies on HARQ stalling mitigation and SIB scheduling improvements.
Nokia requires that all 6GR devices support GNSS for NTN operation and that 6GR systems support NTN from day one with maximum similarity to the terrestrial network (TN) design. They insist NTN-specific features must only be introduced when…
6G General Aspects and Frameworks
This Futurewei Tdoc for the 3GPP 6G Radio study presents 18 proposals and 4 observations across multiple physical layer framework areas. The document argues for a single large maximum bandwidth option, a 2-level carrier aggregation framework (intra-cell and inter-cell CA),…
Futurewei proposes agreeing to Opt1 for SSB design with bandwidth larger than 3MHz and selecting a single maximum bandwidth option to limit device types and maximize economies of scale. They propose redefining the serving cell concept to…
6G Synchronization Acquisition and Beam Measurement
This 3GPP RAN1 contribution from Futurewei for 6G Radio proposes energy-efficient designs for synchronization, system information, and paging. It presents 5 proposals and 15 observations focusing on longer periodicities for SSB/SIB1, on-demand sync signal/SIB1 mechanisms for…
Futurewei proposes extending 5G NR network energy saving techniques for 6G by removing backward compatibility constraints, specifically replacing frequent SSB/SIB1 transmissions with infrequent periodic transmissions up to 160ms for any…
Discussion on 6G PRACH Design and RACH Procedure
Futurewei presents three proposals for the 6G RAN1 study item, focusing on PRACH and RACH design. They first propose designing scalable PRACH formats for both TN and NTN, then propose two options for expanding PRACH preamble sets, and finally propose studying solutions to…
Futurewei identifies shortcomings in NR PRACH and RACH designs for 6G scenarios, arguing that existing NR PRACH formats are customized for specific TN deployments and cannot be reused for NTN scenarios without GNSS without introducing…
6G Bandwidth Operation
This Futurewei contribution analyzes 5G NR Bandwidth Part (BWP) operation lessons and proposes a framework for 6GR bandwidth operation supporting multi-carrier cells with multiple simultaneous active BWPs. The document contains 3 Observations and 11 Proposals.
Futurewei proposes allowing a single 6GR cell to map to multiple component carriers to handle fragmented irregular spectrum, preserving the 5G NR BWP definition as a contiguous spectrum part within a carrier. They propose UE operation with…
Discussion on downlink transmission schemes for downlink shared channels for 6GR air interface
Futurewei presents 9 observations and 14 proposals on 6G DL transmission schemes, advocating for 5G NR MIMO framework evolution with AI/ML integration from day-1, focusing on DMRS adaptation, hybrid antenna architectures for UMB, frequency-selective precoding, and cooperative…
Futurewei proposes adopting the existing 5G NR MIMO/RS/CSI framework as a 6G baseline while requiring AI/ML integration from day-1 of the MIMO framework design. The company proposes a UE-assisted DMRS pattern selection scheme where UEs…
Uplink transmission scheme(s) for uplink channels
This Futurewei contribution to 3GPP RAN1#124 presents 10 proposals and 2 observations on 6G UL transmission schemes, covering the MIMO/RS/CSI framework, AI/ML integration, frequency-selective precoding, QCL/TCI enhancements, UL power control, timing advance, and carrier…
Futurewei proposes adopting the 5G NR MIMO/RS/CSI framework as a starting point for 6G development without fundamental paradigm shifts, while studying targeted enhancements for upper midband (UMB) support including larger Tx/Rx antenna…
Discussion on beam management for downlink and uplink for 6GR air interface
Futurewei provides 3 observations and 7 proposals on 6G MIMO framework design and beam management, advocating for evolution from 5G NR with specific enhancements for upper midband, fast beam acquisition via mixed antenna architecture, AI/ML integration from day-1, and…
Futurewei proposes adopting the 5G NR MIMO/RS/CSI framework as the starting point for 6G development, arguing no fundamental paradigm shift is needed while supporting substantial evolution for upper midband (UMB) around 7 GHz and 15 GHz.…
Discussion on aspects of downlink-based CSI acquisition for 6GR air interface
Futurewei presents a comprehensive view on 6G downlink CSI acquisition, proposing 15 specific actions and 5 observations. The document argues for adopting the 5G NR MIMO/RS/CSI framework as a baseline for 6G while evolving it with enhancements for upper midband (UMB), AI/ML…
Futurewei proposes adopting the 5G NR MIMO/RS/CSI framework as the baseline for 6G without fundamental paradigm shifts, focusing evolutionary enhancements on UMB support. They propose studying hybrid antenna architectures for UMB base…
Aspects of uplink-based CSI acquisition
This Futurewei contribution presents 13 proposals and 3 observations on 6G uplink-based CSI acquisition, advocating for evolving the 5G NR MIMO/RS/CSI framework rather than a fundamental redesign. The document covers MIMO framework design with AI/ML integration, UL-based CSI…
Futurewei proposes that 5G NR MIMO/RS/CSI framework serves as the starting point for 6G with enhancements focused on upper midband (UMB) support, general SE/UPT performance, and fast FR2 beam acquisition. They propose integrating AI/ML as…