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LS on Early Alignment on Access Stratum security aspects
Vodafone (RAN2) transmits a liaison statement to SA3 requesting early security alignment for 6G AS protocols. The document presents 1 action requesting SA3 to identify critical lower-layer control information requiring protection and to specify the protection types and overhead…
Vodafone proposes initiating a joint study with SA3 on security for lower layer control information in 6G, noting that 5G MAC CEs lacked encryption/integrity protection at lower layers. They express concerns about potential overhead…
LS on 6GR system parameter evaluations
RAN WG4 sends a liaison statement to RAN WG1 requesting early feedback on 6G system parameter evaluations, specifically for topics of waveform, modulation, SSB, and numerology. The document contains one main action request and references an attached working file with detailed…
RAN WG4, with Huawei as the contact person, requests RAN WG1 to provide early feedback on system parameter progress, specifically identifying waveform, modulation, SSB, and numerology as the key interrelated areas. They indicate these…
AI/ML in 6GR interface
Kyocera provides 6 observations and 24 proposals across 3 main sections, totaling 30 numbered items, focusing on down-selecting 6GR AI/ML study to up to 4 use cases, prioritizing one-sided models, and defining efficiency metrics for UE-side AI/ML solutions.
Kyocera proposes down-selecting the 6GR AI/ML study to a maximum of 4 new use cases and requires that one-sided AI/ML model use cases be given high priority, arguing that two-sided models compound deployment challenges and risk redundancy…
On 6G frame structure
Ericsson's contribution contains 3 observations and 9 proposals covering numerology, duplexing, and frame configuration for 6G Radio. The document argues for a simplified 15 kHz-only SCS for FDD below 6 GHz, removal of 60 kHz SCS for 15 GHz, deprioritization of complex duplexing…
Ericsson proposes limiting 6GR FDD bands below sub 6 GHz to only 15 kHz SCS, citing MRSS coexistence with 5G and IODT testing constraints. They oppose supporting 60 kHz SCS for around 15 GHz, presenting link-level simulation results…
Discussion on waveform for 6GR air interface
Thales presents a comparative waveform analysis for 6G NTN, evaluating CP-OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM, WOLA, UFMC, BF-OFDM, F-OFDM, and OTFS against satellite link impairments including HPA non-linearities, Doppler, and delay. The document contains 11 observations and 3 proposals focusing…
Thales presents technical case for DFT-s-OFDM as the superior waveform for NTN downlink based on PAPR reduction and ACLR performance under HPA non-linearities, showing 2.5–3 dB PAPR reduction over CP-OFDM for single-user single-beam. They…
Overview of 6GR air interface
Thales and co-signatories present 7 proposals and 1 observation advocating for native NTN integration in the 6G radio design from the outset, emphasizing that 5G's late NTN addition led to non-optimized adaptations. The document details specific technical aspects requiring early…
Thales requires NTN-specific considerations be integrated into the 6G radio design from the initial 6G specification in Release 21, citing the lesson from 5G NR that late NTN addition necessitated non-optimized adaptations. They propose…
Discussion on evaluation assumptions for 6GR air interface
ZTE provides 27 proposals and 1 observation on 6GR evaluation assumptions covering spectrum, antenna models, multi-TRP operation, channel models, NTN, traffic models, and sensing scenarios. The document recommends specific antenna configurations for BS and UE across multiple…
ZTE recommends specific BS antenna configurations for 7GHz (16 horizontal elements limited by 0.5m installation constraint), 15GHz (both HBF and ABF candidate options), 700MHz, and 2GHz bands. They support co-channel HetNet deployment with…
Discussion on AIML in 6GR interface
NEC presents 13 proposals on AI/ML for the 6G radio interface, covering use case selection principles, extensions of 5G Advanced use cases, new use cases like RS overhead reduction and AI/ML receivers, joint processing of multiple functionalities, and a unified AI/ML framework…
NEC proposes a structured four-pronged approach to 6G AI/ML use case selection, beginning with 5GA extensions for fast TCI state activation/indication with predicted beams, MTRP, BFR, and Tx-Rx beam pair prediction. They propose studying…
Discussion on frame structure
This NEC contribution proposes nine specific directions for 6G frame structure, duplexing, and MRSS within the Release 20 study item. The document argues for a unified dynamic TDD/SBFD solution, recommends studying dynamic SBFD and OSFD, supports dynamic MRSS with coarse Day 1…
NEC proposes postponing discussions on minimum spectrum allocation and UE bandwidth discrepancy optimizations until after RAN plenary parameter guidance. They require UE-specific configurations to be supported within Release 20. For…
Overview of 6GR air interface
This NEC contribution for the 3GPP RAN1 6GR study provides a comprehensive overview of physical layer design principles across 12 technical areas, containing 22 numbered proposals and 5 observations. The document emphasizes a 'lean' design philosophy that limits configuration…
NEC proposes a lean 6GR design philosophy that explicitly limits configuration flexibility by restricting the number of supported options per function and special cases in the specification, learned from 5G NR's over-designed flexibility.…
Feature Lead summary #1 on 6G waveform
This document is the Feature Lead summary (R1-2508562) for 6G waveform in 3GPP RAN1#123, compiling 287 observations and 285 proposals from 44 Tdocs. It covers DL/UL PAPR reduction, other waveforms, and UL multi-layer DFT-s-OFDM, proposing evaluation methodologies, deprioritizing…
Nokia, as moderator, proposes deprioritizing DL DFT-s-OFDM study for PDCCH/PDSCH/PBCH communication while redirecting NTN-related DFT-s-OFDM discussion to an on-line session. They require UL PAPR reduction evaluation to proceed without a…
Feature Lead summary #2 on 6G waveform
This is the moderator's Feature Lead summary #2 on 6G waveform from RAN1#123 (Nokia), compiling 44 Tdocs containing 287 observations and 285 proposals across 41 pages. The document covers DL/UL PAPR reduction, other waveforms, and Rank > 1 for UL DFT-s-OFDM, with offline/online…
Nokia serves as moderator/Feature Lead, compiling consensus questions and proposals rather than advocating a single position. However, their own contributions reveal specific stances: (1) They propose deprioritizing DL DFT-s-OFDM study,…
Feature Lead summary #3 on 6G waveform
This is the Feature Lead summary document (R1-2508564) from Nokia, serving as moderator for the 6G waveform study in 3GPP RAN1 #123. It consolidates 44 Tdocs with 287 observations and 285 proposals across 41 pages, aiming to facilitate discussion and agreement on 6G waveform…
Nokia, as moderator, proposes deprioritizing DL DFT-s-OFDM study for PDCCH/PDSCH/PBCH communication, presenting a technical case against it due to comparable PAPR with CP-OFDM using transparent techniques, lack of meaningful NES gain, and…
Waveform for 6GR air interface
This InterDigital contribution to 3GPP RAN1 #123 proposes baseline waveforms for 6G Radio, advocating CP-OFDM only for downlink, CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM for uplink with dynamic switching, and presents simulation results showing FDSS with spectrum extension provides up to 2.1 dB…
InterDigital proposes restricting 6G downlink to CP-OFDM only, opposing any additional DL waveforms due to lack of PAPR benefits when frequency-domain multiplexing multiple UEs, scheduling restrictions from time-domain-only multiplexing,…
High-Level Considerations for the 6GR Air Interface Design
AT&T provides high-level considerations for the 6GR sync signal structure and overall air interface design, presenting 3 proposals and 8 observations. The document argues for a bottom-up design paradigm starting from massive IoT requirements, advocating that 6GR support 3 MHz…
AT&T proposes narrowing the smallest maximum supported RF and BB UE BW study for low-tier 6GR devices to 3 MHz and 5 MHz only, removing 10 MHz and 20 MHz options (Proposal 3). They require RAN1 to assume 6GR supports 3 MHz minimum spectrum…
Evaluation Assumptions for 6GR Air Interface
This document from AT&T contains 6 proposals and 4 observations focused on establishing realistic evaluation assumptions for 6G Radio (6GR) air interface design. Key areas addressed include deployment modeling with specific ISD values, early integration of energy efficiency…
AT&T requires interference modeling, channel estimation, and traffic modelling to use realistic assumptions, and mandates that Energy Efficiency metrics be included as key performance indicators from 6GR day 1 rather than as add-ons. They…
Requirements for 6GR Frame Structure Design
This AT&T contribution presents a total of 4 proposals and 1 observation on the 6GR frame structure design. It covers subcarrier spacing, duplex types, and maximum channel bandwidth specifications across various frequency ranges.
AT&T proposes that the 6GR design allows at most one subcarrier spacing per band, codifying the Study on 6G Radio objective to avoid multiple numerologies for the same band, though it does not preclude overlapping bands with different SCS…
Views on Channel Coding for 6GR
AT&T presents 19 proposals and 11 observations on channel coding for 6GR, advocating for reuse of NR LDPC and Polar codes under existing NR conditions while seeking precise characterization of 'NR range' before studying any extensions beyond it. The document opposes introducing…
AT&T opposes introducing different channel coding schemes for different throughput regimes for DL-SCH, arguing this would require the network to activate multiple channel coding modules prior to link adaptation-based throughput…
Views on Modulation for 6GR
This AT&T contribution presents 6 proposals (Proposals 1-6) and 5 observations (Observations 1-5) on modulation design for 6G Radio (6GR). The document argues for focused study of high-order non-uniform constellations (geometric/probabilistic shaping), prioritization of designs…
AT&T proposes focusing the 6GR non-uniform constellation study on high-order modulation values (up to 4096-QAM for PDSCH and 1024-QAM for PUSCH), where geometric shaping and probabilistic shaping gains are most realized against classical…
Views on Energy Efficiency for 6GR
AT&T presents 15 proposals and 12 observations on Energy Efficiency (EE) for the 6G Radio (6GR) interface, arguing that EE should be a Day-1 mandatory design objective rather than an afterthought. The document covers five key technical areas: an overarching EE framework, initial…
AT&T requires energy efficiency to be a Day-1 mandatory 6GR objective and proposes a bottom-up single-RAT design scaling from minimum KPIs upward to the most demanding use cases. For initial access, they propose studying three SSB…
AI/ML use cases and framework for 6GR Air Interface
AT&T presents 8 observations and 30 proposals across 5 sections addressing the 6G Radio AI/ML framework and use cases, totaling 38 actionable items. The document argues the 5G LCM framework is insufficient for native AI/ML integration in 6GR, proposes a unified LCM framework,…
AT&T argues that the 5G LCM framework for AI/ML does not allow for native AI/ML integration in 6GR and is not scalable, proposing instead a unified LCM framework including data and model management, model transfer, and model training. They…
On 6G waveforms
Ericsson presents 18 observations and 6 proposals on 6G waveforms. In downlink, they argue against DFT-s-OFDM due to complexity and lack of advantage over CP-OFDM. In uplink, they propose enhanced evaluation methodologies for PAPR reduction and advocate for multi-layer…
Ericsson proposes deprioritizing the study of DFT-s-OFDM for the downlink, arguing it offers no significant advantage over CP-OFDM for use cases including NES, NTN, ISAC, and FR3, and would unnecessarily complicate 6GR system design and…
6GR frame structure
This document from InterDigital contains 11 proposals and 3 observations on the 6G Radio (6GR) frame structure, covering numerologies (CP types), frame format configurations with a new 'X' symbol/slot type for native SBFD support, duplex schemes including dynamic TDD and dynamic…
InterDigital proposes that 6GR only supports normal CP length, arguing that extended CP is unjustified for sub-7GHz deployments with SCS up to 30 kHz and for NTN scenarios. They define a new 'X' symbol/slot type to natively support SBFD…
6GR air interface design overview
This 3GPP RAN1 contribution from Xiaomi provides a comprehensive overview of 6G radio physical layer design, covering scalable design, coverage, minimum bandwidth, BWP, NR-6G coexistence, spectrum aggregation, sync signals, NTN, and sensing across 24 proposals and 8 observations.
Xiaomi proposes that 6G initial access and coverage enhancement frameworks should be commonly applicable to all device types with scalable performance. They require MCL as the coverage performance metric, citing comparability with 5G…
Discussion on evaluation assumptions for 6GR air interface
This Xiaomi contribution proposes evaluation assumptions for 6GR air interface across general configurations, NTN, and ISAC, containing 9 total proposals. It prioritizes specific UE antenna configurations, Release-19 near-field channel modeling, multi-satellite NTN beam layouts,…
Xiaomi requires supporting Release-19 channel modeling including near-field and spatial non-stationarity for 6GR evaluations, particularly with larger-scale antenna arrays. For handheld UEs, they propose specific TX/RX antenna counts per…
Discussion on 6GR Waveform
Xiaomi provides 3 proposals and 2 observations on 6GR waveform, focusing on DL DFT-s-OFDM for NTN coverage enhancement and UL 6GR waveform starting points. They propose applying low-PAPR DFT-s-OFDM to specific DL channels (PDCCH CSS, Msg4 PDSCH, SIB1 PDSCH) and analyzing…
Xiaomi proposes adopting DL DFT-s-OFDM as a low-PAPR waveform for NTN coverage enhancement, specifically targeting PDCCH CSS (except type-3), Msg4 PDSCH, and SIB1 PDSCH, citing Rel-19 repetition mechanism drawbacks including fragmented…
Discussion on 6G frame structure
Xiaomi's contribution R1-2508685 presents 11 proposals for 6G frame structure design, focusing on simplified numerology (single per band), streamlined duplex modes, simplified slot format, efficient Multi-RAT Spectrum Sharing (MRSS) with 5G NR, and dedicated ISAC CP length…
Xiaomi proposes continuing 5G NR numerologies (15 × 2^k kHz) for 6G but requires a single numerology per band to simplify UE behavior, avoiding multiple BWPs with different SCS. They oppose gNB-side dynamic SBFD, UE-side SBFD, and gNB full…
Discussion on 6GR Channel Coding
Xiaomi presents 2 observations and 4 proposals on 6GR channel coding, questioning the need to optimize latency and error floor given unchanged 5G requirements. They advocate reusing NR LDPC and polar codes within NR range, require rigorous justification for any specification…
Xiaomi questions the motivation to optimize decoding latency and error floor performance for 6GR, arguing the relevant 6GR requirements (user plane latency of 1ms for hRLLC and 4ms for IC, reliability of 10^-5 for hRLLC) are identical to…
Discussion on modulation for 6GR air interface
This document contains 11 proposals and 9 observations from Xiaomi on 6G Radio (6GR) modulation. It addresses reusing NR uniform QAM schemes as baseline, studying higher-order 4096QAM/1024QAM with specific evaluation criteria, evaluating new constellation shaping schemes like…
Xiaomi supports NR uniform QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM as the basis for 6GR data channels, arguing there is no reason not to support NR scheme in the SI phase. For higher modulation orders, Xiaomi proposes studying uniform…
Discussion on energy efficiency for 6GR
Xiaomi presents 28 proposals and 4 observations covering energy efficiency for 6G Radio. The document addresses high-level principles, UE-side power saving (PDCCH monitoring reduction, scheduling, C-DRX, spectrum operations), network-side power saving (SSB, RACH, paging,…
Xiaomi proposes that 6GR energy efficiency design must jointly consider network and UE gains from day one, avoiding the 5G pattern of separate timelines and late-stage specification. They propose PDCCH skipping, SSSG switching, and DCI…